TY - JOUR
T1 - Principal Component Analysis of Dietary and Lifestyle Patterns in Relation to Risk of Subtypes of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer
AU - Navarro Silvera, Stephanie A.
AU - Mayne, Susan T.
AU - Risch, Harvey A.
AU - Gammon, Marilie D.
AU - Vaughan, Thomas
AU - Chow, Wong Ho
AU - Dubin, Joel A.
AU - Dubrow, Robert
AU - Schoenberg, Janet
AU - Stanford, Janet L.
AU - West, A. Brian
AU - Rotterdam, Heidrun
AU - Blot, William J.
PY - 2011/7
Y1 - 2011/7
N2 - Purpose: To carry out pattern analyses of dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to risk of esophageal and gastric cancers. Methods: We evaluated risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and other gastric cancers (OGA) using data from a population-based case-control study conducted in Connecticut, New Jersey, and western Washington state. Dietary/lifestyle patterns were created using principal component analysis (PCA). Impact of the resultant scores on cancer risk was estimated through logistic regression. Results: PCA identified six patterns: meat/nitrite, fruit/vegetable, smoking/alcohol, legume/meat alternate, GERD/BMI, and fish/vitamin C. Risk of each cancer under study increased with rising meat/nitrite score. Risk of EA increased with increasing GERD/BMI score, and risk of ESCC rose with increasing smoking/alcohol score and decreasing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)/body mass index (BMI) score. Fruit/vegetable scores were inversely associated with EA, ESCC, and GCA. Conclusions: PCA may provide a useful approach for summarizing extensive dietary/lifestyle data into fewer interpretable combinations that discriminate between cancer cases and controls. The analyses suggest that meat/nitrite intake is associated with elevated risk of each cancer under study, whereas fruit/vegetable intake reduces risk of EA, ESCC, and GCA. GERD/obesity were confirmed as risk factors for EA and smoking/alcohol as risk factors for ESCC.
AB - Purpose: To carry out pattern analyses of dietary and lifestyle factors in relation to risk of esophageal and gastric cancers. Methods: We evaluated risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and other gastric cancers (OGA) using data from a population-based case-control study conducted in Connecticut, New Jersey, and western Washington state. Dietary/lifestyle patterns were created using principal component analysis (PCA). Impact of the resultant scores on cancer risk was estimated through logistic regression. Results: PCA identified six patterns: meat/nitrite, fruit/vegetable, smoking/alcohol, legume/meat alternate, GERD/BMI, and fish/vitamin C. Risk of each cancer under study increased with rising meat/nitrite score. Risk of EA increased with increasing GERD/BMI score, and risk of ESCC rose with increasing smoking/alcohol score and decreasing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)/body mass index (BMI) score. Fruit/vegetable scores were inversely associated with EA, ESCC, and GCA. Conclusions: PCA may provide a useful approach for summarizing extensive dietary/lifestyle data into fewer interpretable combinations that discriminate between cancer cases and controls. The analyses suggest that meat/nitrite intake is associated with elevated risk of each cancer under study, whereas fruit/vegetable intake reduces risk of EA, ESCC, and GCA. GERD/obesity were confirmed as risk factors for EA and smoking/alcohol as risk factors for ESCC.
KW - Diet
KW - Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
KW - Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
KW - Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma
KW - Principal Components
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79957932360&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.11.019
DO - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.11.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 21435900
AN - SCOPUS:79957932360
SN - 1047-2797
VL - 21
SP - 543
EP - 550
JO - Annals of Epidemiology
JF - Annals of Epidemiology
IS - 7
ER -
