TY - JOUR
T1 - Salt loading has a more deleterious effect on flow-mediated dilation in salt-resistant men than women
AU - Lennon-Edwards, S.
AU - Ramick, M. G.
AU - Matthews, E. L.
AU - Brian, M. S.
AU - Farquhar, W. B.
AU - Edwards, D. G.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier B.V..
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Background and aims: Dietary sodium loading has been shown to adversely impact endothelial function independently of blood pressure (BP). However, it is unknown whether dietary sodium loading impacts endothelial function differently in men as compared to women. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that endothelial-dependent dilation (EDD) would be lower in men as compared to women in response to a high sodium diet. Methods and results: Thirty subjects (14F, 31±2y; 16M, 29±2y) underwent a randomized, crossover, controlled diet study consisting of 7 days of low sodium (LS; 20 mmol/day) and 7 days of high sodium (HS; 300-350 mmol/day). Salt-resistance was determined by a change in 24-hr mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≤ 5 mm Hg between HS and LS as assessed on day 7 of each diet. Blood and 24-hr urine were also collected and EDD was assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). By design, MAP was not different between LS and HS conditions and urinary sodium excretion increased on HS diet ( P < 0.01). FMD did not differ between men and women on the LS diet (10.2 ± 0.65 vs. 10.7 ± 0.83; P > 0.05) and declined in both men and women on HS ( P < 0.001). However, FMD was lower in men as compared to women on HS (5.7 ± 0.5 vs. 8.6 ± 0.86; P < 0.01). Conclusions: HS reduced FMD in both men and women. In response to an HS diet, FMD was lower in men compared to women suggesting a greater sensitivity of the vasculature to high sodium in men.
AB - Background and aims: Dietary sodium loading has been shown to adversely impact endothelial function independently of blood pressure (BP). However, it is unknown whether dietary sodium loading impacts endothelial function differently in men as compared to women. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that endothelial-dependent dilation (EDD) would be lower in men as compared to women in response to a high sodium diet. Methods and results: Thirty subjects (14F, 31±2y; 16M, 29±2y) underwent a randomized, crossover, controlled diet study consisting of 7 days of low sodium (LS; 20 mmol/day) and 7 days of high sodium (HS; 300-350 mmol/day). Salt-resistance was determined by a change in 24-hr mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≤ 5 mm Hg between HS and LS as assessed on day 7 of each diet. Blood and 24-hr urine were also collected and EDD was assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). By design, MAP was not different between LS and HS conditions and urinary sodium excretion increased on HS diet ( P < 0.01). FMD did not differ between men and women on the LS diet (10.2 ± 0.65 vs. 10.7 ± 0.83; P > 0.05) and declined in both men and women on HS ( P < 0.001). However, FMD was lower in men as compared to women on HS (5.7 ± 0.5 vs. 8.6 ± 0.86; P < 0.01). Conclusions: HS reduced FMD in both men and women. In response to an HS diet, FMD was lower in men compared to women suggesting a greater sensitivity of the vasculature to high sodium in men.
KW - Flow-mediated dilation
KW - Sex
KW - Sodium
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84955740888&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.05.004
DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.05.004
M3 - Article
C2 - 24989702
AN - SCOPUS:84955740888
SN - 0939-4753
VL - 24
SP - 990
EP - 995
JO - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
JF - Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
IS - 9
ER -