Tree height and age-related decline in growth in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Jordi Martínez-Vilalta, Dirk Vanderklein, Maurizio Mencuccini

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

124 Scopus citations

Abstract

Growth and seasonal water use was measured amongst trees growing in an old growth Scots pine forest in the Scottish Highlands. Three sites which differed in their recent management history and contained old and naturally regenerated young trees growing together were monitored in the field. Our results showed a clear decrease in growth efficiency with age, from values of around 0.25 kg m-2 leaves year-1 in approximately 25-year-old trees to less than 0.1 kg m-2 leaves year-1 in trees over 200 years old. When the old trees in one of the field sites were released from competition by thinning, their growth efficiency reverted to that of coexisting young trees, indicating that the decline in growth was reversible. This is consistent with the results of a parallel study showing that cambial age had no effect on the physiology or growth of grafted seedlings originating from the same population studied here (Mencuccini et al. 2005). Our detailed study of tree water use in the field showed an overall decrease in whole-tree hydraulic conductance and stomatal canopy conductance with tree height in the unthinned stands, in agreement with the hydraulic limitation hypothesis. However, the effect of this reduction in hydraulic efficiency on growth was comparatively small, and old trees also showed consistently lower nitrogen concentrations in needles, suggesting that hydraulic and nutritional factors combined to produce the decline in growth efficiency with age observed in the studied populations.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)529-544
Number of pages16
JournalOecologia
Volume150
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2007

Keywords

  • Ageing
  • Growth efficiency
  • Hydraulic limitation hypothesis
  • Nitrogen
  • Water relations

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Tree height and age-related decline in growth in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this